Block #186,183

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 9/29/2013, 6:34:22 PM · Difficulty 9.8646 · 6,604,969 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
32a19275f564bd79f9a220873055522ea29a83df110413b7febbb6ab8d4fee66

Height

#186,183

Difficulty

9.864561

Transactions

4

Size

1.43 KB

Version

2

Bits

09dd53e1

Nonce

25,376

Timestamp

9/29/2013, 6:34:22 PM

Confirmations

6,604,969

Merkle Root

0d4a7c110ffdc452b8f7a2abbf019ad67a2de09ada20340c6f3ae20419d202f7
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.810 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
18105712519897547951…25938107842374446801
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.810 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
18105712519897547951…25938107842374446801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.621 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
36211425039795095903…51876215684748893601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
7.242 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
72422850079590191807…03752431369497787201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.448 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
14484570015918038361…07504862738995574401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.896 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
28969140031836076722…15009725477991148801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
5.793 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
57938280063672153445…30019450955982297601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.158 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
11587656012734430689…60038901911964595201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.317 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
23175312025468861378…20077803823929190401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
4.635 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
46350624050937722756…40155607647858380801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,573,155 XPM·at block #6,791,151 · updates every 60s
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