Block #186,182

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 9/29/2013, 6:33:00 PM · Difficulty 9.8646 · 6,604,880 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
d8a57e9e201b723868684d47bb2e4c5669e5b3c3c85eb5a999b16ae24960aac4

Height

#186,182

Difficulty

9.864584

Transactions

3

Size

1.22 KB

Version

2

Bits

09dd5560

Nonce

37,107

Timestamp

9/29/2013, 6:33:00 PM

Confirmations

6,604,880

Merkle Root

40d51d9fdb4b8812df81812be7429ca2679c69452d3bb7fd402fd864960394bc
Transactions (3)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

8.909 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
89093804655160861834…22512519590482739201
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
8.909 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
89093804655160861834…22512519590482739201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.781 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
17818760931032172366…45025039180965478401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.563 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
35637521862064344733…90050078361930956801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
7.127 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
71275043724128689467…80100156723861913601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.425 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
14255008744825737893…60200313447723827201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.851 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
28510017489651475787…20400626895447654401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
5.702 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
57020034979302951574…40801253790895308801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.140 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
11404006995860590314…81602507581790617601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.280 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
22808013991721180629…63205015163581235201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,572,511 XPM·at block #6,791,061 · updates every 60s
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