Block #185,518

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 9/29/2013, 8:55:13 AM · Difficulty 9.8622 · 6,605,798 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
f380c3bc3e508695864c47d5a4a40db80ac744c0dcfa5bd75998af76c5992186

Height

#185,518

Difficulty

9.862151

Transactions

7

Size

3.50 KB

Version

2

Bits

09dcb5e7

Nonce

32

Timestamp

9/29/2013, 8:55:13 AM

Confirmations

6,605,798

Merkle Root

2a260968fc8cec47070d59b291a236f72c827ba7fe67783e5bb8d380dd67a9c4
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.315 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
63152147028821673456…93881847783688498881
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
6.315 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
63152147028821673456…93881847783688498881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.263 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
12630429405764334691…87763695567376997761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.526 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
25260858811528669382…75527391134753995521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
5.052 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
50521717623057338765…51054782269507991041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.010 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
10104343524611467753…02109564539015982081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.020 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
20208687049222935506…04219129078031964161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
4.041 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
40417374098445871012…08438258156063928321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
8.083 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
80834748196891742024…16876516312127856641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.616 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
16166949639378348404…33753032624255713281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
3.233 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
32333899278756696809…67506065248511426561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,574,465 XPM·at block #6,791,315 · updates every 60s
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