Block #184,173

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 9/28/2013, 12:02:04 PM · Difficulty 9.8594 · 6,626,005 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
bad5a29a37332f5efd2383cb89c1c307d9d269d2fd13e0317ad7d60d8a27c27c

Height

#184,173

Difficulty

9.859388

Transactions

4

Size

10.51 KB

Version

2

Bits

09dc00dd

Nonce

105,160

Timestamp

9/28/2013, 12:02:04 PM

Confirmations

6,626,005

Merkle Root

ff38a4ea0f9ff741c6239c420f2c96adea7b23e164cca13f6102443fdd05824a
Transactions (4)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.527 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
45271919440578674590…29397470404847784601
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
4.527 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
45271919440578674590…29397470404847784601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
9.054 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
90543838881157349180…58794940809695569201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.810 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
18108767776231469836…17589881619391138401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.621 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
36217535552462939672…35179763238782276801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
7.243 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
72435071104925879344…70359526477564553601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.448 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
14487014220985175868…40719052955129107201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.897 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
28974028441970351737…81438105910258214401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
5.794 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
57948056883940703475…62876211820516428801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.158 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
11589611376788140695…25752423641032857601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,725,493 XPM·at block #6,810,177 · updates every 60s
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