Block #183,068

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 9/27/2013, 6:31:44 PM · Difficulty 9.8576 · 6,619,606 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
328307d402b4c5ac6bbb9d3f6bc3029c2cf59f664f2b5064e9718e75e3f876d1

Height

#183,068

Difficulty

9.857630

Transactions

1

Size

201 B

Version

2

Bits

09db8da6

Nonce

17,209

Timestamp

9/27/2013, 6:31:44 PM

Confirmations

6,619,606

Merkle Root

60ab1cecb6cffb36ef81676ccb36ac5b3a4ef128c2e5098e1bccbdd5e4a9505c
Transactions (1)
1 in → 1 out10.2800 XPM109 B
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.062 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
30625265662746725128…73424460188250104321
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.062 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
30625265662746725128…73424460188250104321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
6.125 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
61250531325493450257…46848920376500208641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.225 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
12250106265098690051…93697840753000417281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.450 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
24500212530197380102…87395681506000834561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.900 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
49000425060394760205…74791363012001669121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
9.800 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
98000850120789520411…49582726024003338241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.960 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
19600170024157904082…99165452048006676481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.920 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
39200340048315808164…98330904096013352961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
7.840 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
78400680096631616329…96661808192026705921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,665,412 XPM·at block #6,802,673 · updates every 60s
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