Block #180,187

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 9/25/2013, 3:53:34 PM · Difficulty 9.8617 · 6,630,749 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
a304da300d9fc0f743806fae527e0ec3fde0c61422d45febeb559bb2aaa687fa

Height

#180,187

Difficulty

9.861663

Transactions

3

Size

1.07 KB

Version

2

Bits

09dc95ee

Nonce

66,073

Timestamp

9/25/2013, 3:53:34 PM

Confirmations

6,630,749

Merkle Root

30927a9a0358bcfd1696afb47764de4bc96bc386bd9c1293cdbd48c13d4c970f
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.293 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
22934580756819309992…91685467236133882201
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.293 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
22934580756819309992…91685467236133882201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.586 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
45869161513638619985…83370934472267764401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
9.173 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
91738323027277239970…66741868944535528801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.834 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
18347664605455447994…33483737889071057601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.669 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
36695329210910895988…66967475778142115201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
7.339 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
73390658421821791976…33934951556284230401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.467 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
14678131684364358395…67869903112568460801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.935 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
29356263368728716790…35739806225136921601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
5.871 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
58712526737457433581…71479612450273843201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,731,592 XPM·at block #6,810,935 · updates every 60s
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