Block #179,962

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 9/25/2013, 12:04:47 PM · Difficulty 9.8619 · 6,616,301 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
dd56ce75c3f1a64e9011cdc2df0d8cf5944346b8804c2791c444d1e8ab31e41f

Height

#179,962

Difficulty

9.861886

Transactions

3

Size

649 B

Version

2

Bits

09dca493

Nonce

36,698

Timestamp

9/25/2013, 12:04:47 PM

Confirmations

6,616,301

Merkle Root

967a76c35e14ba00753218b1a904fe8162f58ab3ed421b3bbb41edf7af3af646
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.123 × 10⁸⁷(88-digit number)
11231082786843603376…45557011223847536361
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.123 × 10⁸⁷(88-digit number)
11231082786843603376…45557011223847536361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.246 × 10⁸⁷(88-digit number)
22462165573687206753…91114022447695072721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.492 × 10⁸⁷(88-digit number)
44924331147374413506…82228044895390145441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
8.984 × 10⁸⁷(88-digit number)
89848662294748827013…64456089790780290881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.796 × 10⁸⁸(89-digit number)
17969732458949765402…28912179581560581761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.593 × 10⁸⁸(89-digit number)
35939464917899530805…57824359163121163521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
7.187 × 10⁸⁸(89-digit number)
71878929835799061610…15648718326242327041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.437 × 10⁸⁹(90-digit number)
14375785967159812322…31297436652484654081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.875 × 10⁸⁹(90-digit number)
28751571934319624644…62594873304969308161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
5.750 × 10⁸⁹(90-digit number)
57503143868639249288…25189746609938616321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,614,103 XPM·at block #6,796,262 · updates every 60s
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