Block #175,649

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 9/22/2013, 10:40:47 AM · Difficulty 9.8640 · 6,621,252 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
c5cd2755d04c293232bbdb81549e380b44fa9829685b0174d088f930cf8eefd4

Height

#175,649

Difficulty

9.864037

Transactions

5

Size

1.84 KB

Version

2

Bits

09dd3184

Nonce

74,223

Timestamp

9/22/2013, 10:40:47 AM

Confirmations

6,621,252

Merkle Root

f4b0a1865e66b82bfed8943f2b4c37acdc505c6416b3ce39d175b99405852382
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.040 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
10405269922187084051…81637299009544159851
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.040 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
10405269922187084051…81637299009544159851
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.081 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
20810539844374168102…63274598019088319701
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.162 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
41621079688748336204…26549196038176639401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
8.324 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
83242159377496672408…53098392076353278801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.664 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
16648431875499334481…06196784152706557601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.329 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
33296863750998668963…12393568305413115201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
6.659 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
66593727501997337927…24787136610826230401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.331 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
13318745500399467585…49574273221652460801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.663 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
26637491000798935170…99148546443304921601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,619,228 XPM·at block #6,796,900 · updates every 60s
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