Block #175,066

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 9/22/2013, 1:20:53 AM · Difficulty 9.8634 · 6,629,248 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
155eea9ebb2e8fd4894d5b605aa47081d16b3d7bc205f9e9c3ad2189f45a24a5

Height

#175,066

Difficulty

9.863365

Transactions

3

Size

1.21 KB

Version

2

Bits

09dd0582

Nonce

98,524

Timestamp

9/22/2013, 1:20:53 AM

Confirmations

6,629,248

Merkle Root

6e65cdb0b5778b4bd36ee9255ff6e9c4d0afdaed99a2a4b50353a6198a243f5e
Transactions (3)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.721 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
17214356208914746209…23011877988314654721
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.721 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
17214356208914746209…23011877988314654721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.442 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
34428712417829492419…46023755976629309441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
6.885 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
68857424835658984839…92047511953258618881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.377 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
13771484967131796967…84095023906517237761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.754 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
27542969934263593935…68190047813034475521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
5.508 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
55085939868527187871…36380095626068951041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.101 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
11017187973705437574…72760191252137902081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.203 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
22034375947410875148…45520382504275804161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
4.406 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
44068751894821750296…91040765008551608321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,678,565 XPM·at block #6,804,313 · updates every 60s
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