Block #1,747,327

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 9/4/2016, 5:31:59 AM · Difficulty 10.7083 · 5,086,243 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
1f2380dd073d5ae9d2a69ed1b363e7366a41096bc560433397299d436d599fc6

Height

#1,747,327

Difficulty

10.708274

Transactions

36

Size

12.76 KB

Version

2

Bits

0ab55174

Nonce

968,419,176

Timestamp

9/4/2016, 5:31:59 AM

Confirmations

5,086,243

Merkle Root

3620f3661fb41737c0057b703e4dcf28baffa2fd7914ecd2ea20ec711eda4420
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.383 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
23830274338154264641…89338566321107211519
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
2.383 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
23830274338154264641…89338566321107211519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
2.383 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
23830274338154264641…89338566321107211521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
4.766 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
47660548676308529283…78677132642214423039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
4.766 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
47660548676308529283…78677132642214423041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
9.532 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
95321097352617058567…57354265284428846079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
9.532 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
95321097352617058567…57354265284428846081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.906 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
19064219470523411713…14708530568857692159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.906 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
19064219470523411713…14708530568857692161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
3.812 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
38128438941046823427…29417061137715384319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
3.812 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
38128438941046823427…29417061137715384321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,912,763 XPM·at block #6,833,569 · updates every 60s
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