Block #174,224

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 9/21/2013, 12:48:45 PM · Difficulty 9.8608 · 6,636,925 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
3ed9c6c529cd1186509645b9d04ad120480a014ef3f6a960ecd8da2848d42c3d

Height

#174,224

Difficulty

9.860849

Transactions

3

Size

1004 B

Version

2

Bits

09dc6096

Nonce

12,632

Timestamp

9/21/2013, 12:48:45 PM

Confirmations

6,636,925

Merkle Root

0da878d6dbc297c3abac0aec846c5a2e0d3692d6dd898fed049621b21b42b397
Transactions (3)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.204 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
32043581937133914688…97300439256755420001
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.204 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
32043581937133914688…97300439256755420001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
6.408 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
64087163874267829377…94600878513510840001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.281 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
12817432774853565875…89201757027021680001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.563 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
25634865549707131751…78403514054043360001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
5.126 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
51269731099414263502…56807028108086720001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.025 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
10253946219882852700…13614056216173440001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.050 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
20507892439765705400…27228112432346880001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
4.101 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
41015784879531410801…54456224864693760001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
8.203 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
82031569759062821603…08912449729387520001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,733,302 XPM·at block #6,811,148 · updates every 60s
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