Block #162,444

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 9/13/2013, 7:47:51 AM · Difficulty 9.8613 · 6,631,630 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
96fe51b6880f4007f3cfdb88d72facb29de8d8aa791ee379e073e3a1d95089cf

Height

#162,444

Difficulty

9.861343

Transactions

20

Size

5.05 KB

Version

2

Bits

09dc80ff

Nonce

16,003

Timestamp

9/13/2013, 7:47:51 AM

Confirmations

6,631,630

Merkle Root

df699ffc3dc9fa39f647dee4fc54b7e1ca97ecb674c4a5cb7f000449dc9f386b
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.439 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
74390363011641479546…78798610396598166361
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
7.439 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
74390363011641479546…78798610396598166361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.487 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
14878072602328295909…57597220793196332721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.975 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
29756145204656591818…15194441586392665441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
5.951 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
59512290409313183637…30388883172785330881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.190 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
11902458081862636727…60777766345570661761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.380 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
23804916163725273454…21555532691141323521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
4.760 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
47609832327450546909…43111065382282647041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
9.521 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
95219664654901093819…86222130764565294081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.904 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
19043932930980218763…72444261529130588161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,596,610 XPM·at block #6,794,073 · updates every 60s
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