Block #160,076

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 9/11/2013, 3:45:32 PM · Difficulty 9.8622 · 6,638,956 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
035a526234d199269dd66882b636dd8ebcd2738b610b0aa345051f2813d834d9

Height

#160,076

Difficulty

9.862184

Transactions

2

Size

1.16 KB

Version

2

Bits

09dcb81a

Nonce

106,139

Timestamp

9/11/2013, 3:45:32 PM

Confirmations

6,638,956

Merkle Root

91d3dcc58312ef8ea545230ea4b74b50c4f43ec0f39735144266772ae4d14b68
Transactions (2)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.501 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
15012565267147217656…70988159672838115201
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.501 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
15012565267147217656…70988159672838115201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.002 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
30025130534294435313…41976319345676230401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
6.005 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
60050261068588870627…83952638691352460801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.201 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
12010052213717774125…67905277382704921601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.402 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
24020104427435548251…35810554765409843201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
4.804 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
48040208854871096502…71621109530819686401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
9.608 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
96080417709742193004…43242219061639372801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.921 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
19216083541948438600…86484438123278745601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
3.843 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
38432167083896877201…72968876246557491201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,636,294 XPM·at block #6,799,031 · updates every 60s
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