Block #159,771

1CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 9/11/2013, 9:44:08 AM · Difficulty 9.8637 · 6,631,221 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
b8901e61295334a28376c4f1df7fe526308d71a2d6a13ef8f1737d506dc009c6

Height

#159,771

Difficulty

9.863728

Transactions

14

Size

64.82 KB

Version

2

Bits

09dd1d3f

Nonce

103,643

Timestamp

9/11/2013, 9:44:08 AM

Confirmations

6,631,221

Merkle Root

ced89599e466e2454a8ce1fce1f9c835b747cd7b575a13995fc3d176b97d7a6f
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.407 × 10¹¹²(113-digit number)
74075297702391277430…13475974416636438879
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
7.407 × 10¹¹²(113-digit number)
74075297702391277430…13475974416636438879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
1.481 × 10¹¹³(114-digit number)
14815059540478255486…26951948833272877759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
2.963 × 10¹¹³(114-digit number)
29630119080956510972…53903897666545755519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
5.926 × 10¹¹³(114-digit number)
59260238161913021944…07807795333091511039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
1.185 × 10¹¹⁴(115-digit number)
11852047632382604388…15615590666183022079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
2.370 × 10¹¹⁴(115-digit number)
23704095264765208777…31231181332366044159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
4.740 × 10¹¹⁴(115-digit number)
47408190529530417555…62462362664732088319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
9.481 × 10¹¹⁴(115-digit number)
94816381059060835110…24924725329464176639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
1.896 × 10¹¹⁵(116-digit number)
18963276211812167022…49849450658928353279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,571,950 XPM·at block #6,790,991 · updates every 60s