Block #155,931

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 9/8/2013, 3:31:15 PM · Difficulty 9.8670 · 6,646,651 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
0b3463284ddf73a744602e6dd642601d7033daa982225fae1977453ee3defec1

Height

#155,931

Difficulty

9.867050

Transactions

10

Size

2.44 KB

Version

2

Bits

09ddf6f6

Nonce

9,120

Timestamp

9/8/2013, 3:31:15 PM

Confirmations

6,646,651

Merkle Root

1a6c258f2a8b404e1a42db412e594b384fbb6ba17fdd189d74fe7314120fd7ee
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.405 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
14050460399932830557…23597721524559094881
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.405 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
14050460399932830557…23597721524559094881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.810 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
28100920799865661115…47195443049118189761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
5.620 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
56201841599731322230…94390886098236379521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.124 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
11240368319946264446…88781772196472759041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.248 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
22480736639892528892…77563544392945518081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
4.496 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
44961473279785057784…55127088785891036161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
8.992 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
89922946559570115568…10254177571782072321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.798 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
17984589311914023113…20508355143564144641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
3.596 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
35969178623828046227…41016710287128289281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,664,673 XPM·at block #6,802,581 · updates every 60s
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