Block #154,487

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 9/7/2013, 4:55:01 PM · Difficulty 9.8647 · 6,639,866 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
9b0acbefee8e2f5fec06cd20553572ed9842291fbffa679416270ab2217550ba

Height

#154,487

Difficulty

9.864677

Transactions

8

Size

1.74 KB

Version

2

Bits

09dd5b7f

Nonce

449,770

Timestamp

9/7/2013, 4:55:01 PM

Confirmations

6,639,866

Merkle Root

2ab6439c6ee0429e96707928f086fbbfcafe99c9b165a3ba476aac1e060cd080
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.659 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
56596032277595765662…34778163427453148801
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
5.659 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
56596032277595765662…34778163427453148801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.131 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
11319206455519153132…69556326854906297601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.263 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
22638412911038306264…39112653709812595201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
4.527 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
45276825822076612529…78225307419625190401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
9.055 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
90553651644153225059…56450614839250380801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.811 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
18110730328830645011…12901229678500761601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.622 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
36221460657661290023…25802459357001523201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
7.244 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
72442921315322580047…51604918714003046401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.448 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
14488584263064516009…03209837428006092801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,598,857 XPM·at block #6,794,352 · updates every 60s
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