Block #150,463

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 9/5/2013, 1:25:04 AM · Difficulty 9.8587 · 6,650,998 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
b8c7a5935e416778e3d8037af6f0406e311405b992249c1c5204bcc25d98b762

Height

#150,463

Difficulty

9.858690

Transactions

18

Size

5.07 KB

Version

2

Bits

09dbd316

Nonce

6,521

Timestamp

9/5/2013, 1:25:04 AM

Confirmations

6,650,998

Merkle Root

9af55304be6a354975fc9351cda89e41f3d5218fba6bd67e82fdf2283db2211f
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.703 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
17035485574562583658…18950741073612424961
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.703 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
17035485574562583658…18950741073612424961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.407 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
34070971149125167317…37901482147224849921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
6.814 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
68141942298250334634…75802964294449699841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.362 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
13628388459650066926…51605928588899399681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.725 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
27256776919300133853…03211857177798799361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
5.451 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
54513553838600267707…06423714355597598721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.090 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
10902710767720053541…12847428711195197441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.180 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
21805421535440107082…25694857422390394881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
4.361 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
43610843070880214165…51389714844780789761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,655,762 XPM·at block #6,801,460 · updates every 60s
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