Block #145,018

1CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 9/1/2013, 3:51:36 PM · Difficulty 9.8420 · 6,645,121 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
f3fcbec828cfbb10b6d0d1cf07172c2338a0cf9538a1419913947653a8782b5a

Height

#145,018

Difficulty

9.842002

Transactions

6

Size

4.91 KB

Version

2

Bits

09d78d71

Nonce

187,422

Timestamp

9/1/2013, 3:51:36 PM

Confirmations

6,645,121

Merkle Root

2cc2191e5d557e55ccf4432b5753fc9e2d85d9454ff14c2e7a852136cdc8b3db
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.034 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
10342061879266245371…26258732662411948759
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
1.034 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
10342061879266245371…26258732662411948759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
2.068 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
20684123758532490743…52517465324823897519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
4.136 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
41368247517064981487…05034930649647795039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
8.273 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
82736495034129962975…10069861299295590079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
1.654 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
16547299006825992595…20139722598591180159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
3.309 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
33094598013651985190…40279445197182360319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
6.618 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
66189196027303970380…80558890394364720639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
1.323 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
13237839205460794076…61117780788729441279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
2.647 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
26475678410921588152…22235561577458882559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,565,086 XPM·at block #6,790,138 · updates every 60s