Block #1,430,468

TWNLength 11ā˜…ā˜…ā˜…ā˜†ā˜†

Bi-Twin Chain Ā· Discovered 1/27/2016, 10:08:35 AM Ā· Difficulty 10.7559 Ā· 5,385,736 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
a76c6a086a200bbadf6ed11d51d7733d9f465717d932ca206c7cc7950e11a5bc

Height

#1,430,468

Difficulty

10.755894

Transactions

2

Size

902 B

Version

2

Bits

0ac18241

Nonce

676,909,501

Timestamp

1/27/2016, 10:08:35 AM

Confirmations

5,385,736

Mined by

Merkle Root

2ba2ba2afa2ee168f57cfe4d3e91cdbdcfe8bce890d5fbc3933913f4feee5db3
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.539 Ɨ 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
45393340692728057611…73884931081448325119
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1 | Upper: 2^k Ɨ origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin āˆ’ 1
4.539 Ɨ 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
45393340692728057611…73884931081448325119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
4.539 Ɨ 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
45393340692728057611…73884931081448325121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 āˆ’ origin āˆ’ 1 = 2 (twin primes āœ“)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 Ɨ origin ± 1)
2^1 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1
9.078 Ɨ 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
90786681385456115223…47769862162896650239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 Ɨ origin + 1
9.078 Ɨ 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
90786681385456115223…47769862162896650241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 Ɨ origin + 1 āˆ’ 2^1 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1 = 2 (twin primes āœ“)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 Ɨ origin ± 1)
2^2 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1
1.815 Ɨ 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
18157336277091223044…95539724325793300479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 Ɨ origin + 1
1.815 Ɨ 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
18157336277091223044…95539724325793300481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 Ɨ origin + 1 āˆ’ 2^2 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1 = 2 (twin primes āœ“)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 Ɨ origin ± 1)
2^3 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1
3.631 Ɨ 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
36314672554182446089…91079448651586600959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 Ɨ origin + 1
3.631 Ɨ 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
36314672554182446089…91079448651586600961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 Ɨ origin + 1 āˆ’ 2^3 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1 = 2 (twin primes āœ“)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 Ɨ origin ± 1)
2^4 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1
7.262 Ɨ 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
72629345108364892179…82158897303173201919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 Ɨ origin + 1
7.262 Ɨ 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
72629345108364892179…82158897303173201921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 Ɨ origin + 1 āˆ’ 2^4 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1 = 2 (twin primes āœ“)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 Ɨ origin ± 1)
2^5 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1
1.452 Ɨ 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
14525869021672978435…64317794606346403839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

ā˜…ā˜…ā˜…ā˜†ā˜†
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 Ɨ 3 Ɨ 5 Ɨ 7 Ɨ …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime Ɨ Primorial (2Ā·3Ā·5Ā·7Ā·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial āˆ’ 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,773,758 XPMĀ·at block #6,816,203 Ā· updates every 60s
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