Block #142,507

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/31/2013, 12:19:58 AM · Difficulty 9.8374 · 6,655,089 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
29d178c7eb8d2f0b3c1e254c22560d21d9f533f4eeed471a8a577d0a116c0585

Height

#142,507

Difficulty

9.837409

Transactions

3

Size

512 B

Version

2

Bits

09d6606e

Nonce

22,768

Timestamp

8/31/2013, 12:19:58 AM

Confirmations

6,655,089

Merkle Root

86eeed1db98f2bc1709f462c08a7a3137ac8350f3d33e17259cdae7a69291289
Transactions (3)
1 in → 1 out10.3400 XPM109 B
1 in → 1 out10.3400 XPM158 B
1 in → 1 out10.3400 XPM157 B
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.712 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
37122281781238777267…35817242950685437201
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.712 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
37122281781238777267…35817242950685437201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
7.424 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
74244563562477554534…71634485901370874401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.484 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
14848912712495510906…43268971802741748801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.969 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
29697825424991021813…86537943605483497601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
5.939 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
59395650849982043627…73075887210966995201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.187 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
11879130169996408725…46151774421933990401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.375 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
23758260339992817450…92303548843867980801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
4.751 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
47516520679985634901…84607097687735961601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
9.503 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
95033041359971269803…69214195375471923201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,624,748 XPM·at block #6,797,595 · updates every 60s
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