Block #141,183

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/30/2013, 3:31:20 AM · Difficulty 9.8350 · 6,667,037 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
4f7c8d85dfadaf58ac33f36081003719def030d91581002f0c8852da8c824c3e

Height

#141,183

Difficulty

9.834956

Transactions

3

Size

732 B

Version

2

Bits

09d5bfab

Nonce

5,173

Timestamp

8/30/2013, 3:31:20 AM

Confirmations

6,667,037

Merkle Root

70472c33845d506008a7f7ad8454909e66df6d4fc71fe80b84ac17867dc51c36
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.366 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
23668286216367291639…45028683543942239561
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.366 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
23668286216367291639…45028683543942239561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.733 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
47336572432734583278…90057367087884479121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
9.467 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
94673144865469166557…80114734175768958241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.893 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
18934628973093833311…60229468351537916481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.786 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
37869257946187666623…20458936703075832961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
7.573 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
75738515892375333246…40917873406151665921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.514 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
15147703178475066649…81835746812303331841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.029 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
30295406356950133298…63671493624606663681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
6.059 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
60590812713900266596…27342987249213327361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,709,811 XPM·at block #6,808,219 · updates every 60s
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