Block #138,467

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/28/2013, 10:20:59 AM · Difficulty 9.8267 · 6,665,730 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
ebdcd90a622ae7af2460e3e277a2ac59795414e84e63c1b71eb788fef2b96fcf

Height

#138,467

Difficulty

9.826702

Transactions

6

Size

1.29 KB

Version

2

Bits

09d3a2c0

Nonce

322,867

Timestamp

8/28/2013, 10:20:59 AM

Confirmations

6,665,730

Merkle Root

09b0f20a0ac65c6ac20dcfe98b2a3a46c32ae23fa91819b35fb0cbf06da3062e
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.092 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
30929848119471476185…70638753881500638551
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.092 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
30929848119471476185…70638753881500638551
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
6.185 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
61859696238942952370…41277507763001277101
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.237 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
12371939247788590474…82555015526002554201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.474 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
24743878495577180948…65110031052005108401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.948 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
49487756991154361896…30220062104010216801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
9.897 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
98975513982308723793…60440124208020433601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.979 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
19795102796461744758…20880248416040867201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.959 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
39590205592923489517…41760496832081734401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
7.918 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
79180411185846979034…83520993664163468801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,677,623 XPM·at block #6,804,196 · updates every 60s
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