Block #136,470

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/27/2013, 5:29:12 AM · Difficulty 9.8173 · 6,690,473 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
e482bfeea01c85a21002c4009cb794fb74fa3331d61ac063a433d2447ae1d995

Height

#136,470

Difficulty

9.817346

Transactions

3

Size

972 B

Version

2

Bits

09d13d93

Nonce

294,543

Timestamp

8/27/2013, 5:29:12 AM

Confirmations

6,690,473

Merkle Root

10e39db512c9e224d7a318456bd5d8eaaa768c0445fd3f816df11016e2055e5b
Transactions (3)
1 in → 1 out10.3800 XPM109 B
5 in → 1 out52.1200 XPM616 B
1 in → 1 out10.4000 XPM158 B
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.897 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
18973823565855814102…66767914301372691201
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.897 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
18973823565855814102…66767914301372691201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.794 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
37947647131711628204…33535828602745382401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
7.589 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
75895294263423256409…67071657205490764801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.517 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
15179058852684651281…34143314410981529601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.035 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
30358117705369302563…68286628821963059201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
6.071 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
60716235410738605127…36573257643926118401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.214 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
12143247082147721025…73146515287852236801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.428 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
24286494164295442050…46293030575704473601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
4.857 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
48572988328590884101…92586061151408947201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,859,718 XPM·at block #6,826,942 · updates every 60s
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