Block #135,487

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/26/2013, 3:59:41 PM · Difficulty 9.8108 · 6,660,887 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
288212e0bc96683e9feffbfe9f4a5d59b40f07e6c376c40d0da171a35894779b

Height

#135,487

Difficulty

9.810769

Transactions

10

Size

2.84 KB

Version

2

Bits

09cf8e89

Nonce

202,317

Timestamp

8/26/2013, 3:59:41 PM

Confirmations

6,660,887

Merkle Root

8d3e34de65fdbc13e6c07682886c5181ab8257065bfcb40d34e0673c1db783d8
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.045 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
50450329179383059787…60433875372140448291
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
5.045 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
50450329179383059787…60433875372140448291
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.009 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
10090065835876611957…20867750744280896581
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.018 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
20180131671753223915…41735501488561793161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
4.036 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
40360263343506447830…83471002977123586321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
8.072 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
80720526687012895660…66942005954247172641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.614 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
16144105337402579132…33884011908494345281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.228 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
32288210674805158264…67768023816988690561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
6.457 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
64576421349610316528…35536047633977381121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.291 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
12915284269922063305…71072095267954762241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,614,987 XPM·at block #6,796,373 · updates every 60s
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