Block #1,341,187

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 11/25/2015, 2:35:24 PM · Difficulty 10.8030 · 5,466,292 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
9b7d4116aa40d5171b2ce1689507d3017e87faa4605854c6049c040a184553a0

Height

#1,341,187

Difficulty

10.803041

Transactions

8

Size

2.71 KB

Version

2

Bits

0acd9416

Nonce

1,737,849,478

Timestamp

11/25/2015, 2:35:24 PM

Confirmations

5,466,292

Merkle Root

5355668060db4bf75b721f0e920152bb7789bc7a95018f2d466b33ea80806fe8
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.205 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
22055124198734482511…73311307787804631039
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
2.205 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
22055124198734482511…73311307787804631039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
2.205 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
22055124198734482511…73311307787804631041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
4.411 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
44110248397468965023…46622615575609262079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
4.411 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
44110248397468965023…46622615575609262081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
8.822 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
88220496794937930046…93245231151218524159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
8.822 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
88220496794937930046…93245231151218524161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.764 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
17644099358987586009…86490462302437048319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.764 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
17644099358987586009…86490462302437048321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
3.528 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
35288198717975172018…72980924604874096639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
3.528 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
35288198717975172018…72980924604874096641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,703,858 XPM·at block #6,807,478 · updates every 60s
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