Block #1,331,811

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/18/2015, 8:26:38 AM · Difficulty 10.8405 · 5,463,600 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
5cf4cf0dda45201e4e109cab6931209a84d1214e8915727aaa8bc7f872af7a0a

Height

#1,331,811

Difficulty

10.840495

Transactions

4

Size

6.36 KB

Version

2

Bits

0ad72aab

Nonce

487,054,025

Timestamp

11/18/2015, 8:26:38 AM

Confirmations

5,463,600

Merkle Root

0ed73c34bc8ad2fcb1e1bf80edff1a592fb568cc344cc97b33996cb7488feaa0
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.462 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
64629480485163535141…42314022879470336001
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
6.462 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
64629480485163535141…42314022879470336001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.292 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
12925896097032707028…84628045758940672001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.585 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
25851792194065414056…69256091517881344001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
5.170 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
51703584388130828113…38512183035762688001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.034 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10340716877626165622…77024366071525376001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.068 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
20681433755252331245…54048732143050752001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
4.136 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
41362867510504662490…08097464286101504001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
8.272 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
82725735021009324981…16194928572203008001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.654 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
16545147004201864996…32389857144406016001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
3.309 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
33090294008403729992…64779714288812032001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,607,347 XPM·at block #6,795,410 · updates every 60s
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