Block #132,558

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/25/2013, 12:19:30 AM · Difficulty 9.7889 · 6,679,755 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
faa849fc8b0295e65b617194fee0bf6e9995c5c99d5316f9ac588e5976b3e034

Height

#132,558

Difficulty

9.788878

Transactions

4

Size

1.14 KB

Version

2

Bits

09c9f3e9

Nonce

274,348

Timestamp

8/25/2013, 12:19:30 AM

Confirmations

6,679,755

Merkle Root

edaaa585cb1c8b6cbafd703bf2d2369141cc39613c91fb0909e45a2666820edf
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.697 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
26977334032221925342…48894199422829331611
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.697 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
26977334032221925342…48894199422829331611
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.395 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
53954668064443850685…97788398845658663221
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.079 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
10790933612888770137…95576797691317326441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.158 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
21581867225777540274…91153595382634652881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.316 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
43163734451555080548…82307190765269305761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
8.632 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
86327468903110161097…64614381530538611521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.726 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
17265493780622032219…29228763061077223041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.453 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
34530987561244064438…58457526122154446081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
6.906 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
69061975122488128877…16915052244308892161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,742,519 XPM·at block #6,812,312 · updates every 60s
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