Block #130,722

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/23/2013, 6:55:14 PM · Difficulty 9.7859 · 6,678,812 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
c4b5c922a77de7618a68d0141539075441ed044e0b590106ea2f31cc11c88a5d

Height

#130,722

Difficulty

9.785853

Transactions

7

Size

2.18 KB

Version

2

Bits

09c92da7

Nonce

446,796

Timestamp

8/23/2013, 6:55:14 PM

Confirmations

6,678,812

Merkle Root

40e10ec7fb671294c4da9090e49d30295925e703fa82d574314cca67c88028b6
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.011 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
30115746850879784408…17090080027215490361
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.011 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
30115746850879784408…17090080027215490361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
6.023 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
60231493701759568817…34180160054430980721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.204 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
12046298740351913763…68360320108861961441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.409 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
24092597480703827527…36720640217723922881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.818 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
48185194961407655054…73441280435447845761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
9.637 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
96370389922815310108…46882560870895691521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.927 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
19274077984563062021…93765121741791383041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.854 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
38548155969126124043…87530243483582766081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
7.709 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
77096311938252248086…75060486967165532161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,720,351 XPM·at block #6,809,533 · updates every 60s
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