Block #130,340

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/23/2013, 12:48:32 PM · Difficulty 9.7850 · 6,696,889 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
dac46f001a8a9927e999797f2692d0c68a319e4cac1e5d1cfb0dd5963fd45198

Height

#130,340

Difficulty

9.785027

Transactions

2

Size

393 B

Version

2

Bits

09c8f78f

Nonce

69,716

Timestamp

8/23/2013, 12:48:32 PM

Confirmations

6,696,889

Merkle Root

8e3bb42adcda6f15c196c422664df38cb41a8550294e6018ceada7cac4e63e18
Transactions (2)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.132 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
21320255361060114357…11393045635328250001
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.132 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
21320255361060114357…11393045635328250001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.264 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
42640510722120228714…22786091270656500001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
8.528 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
85281021444240457429…45572182541313000001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.705 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
17056204288848091485…91144365082626000001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.411 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
34112408577696182971…82288730165252000001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
6.822 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
68224817155392365943…64577460330504000001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.364 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
13644963431078473188…29154920661008000001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.728 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
27289926862156946377…58309841322016000001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
5.457 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
54579853724313892754…16619682644032000001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,861,931 XPM·at block #6,827,228 · updates every 60s
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