Block #1,281,402

TWNLength 10ā˜…ā˜…ā˜†ā˜†ā˜†

Bi-Twin Chain Ā· Discovered 10/14/2015, 8:07:22 AM Ā· Difficulty 10.8391 Ā· 5,563,328 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
d4c48ca67a3fa26a8e79080ddc4d6034ba2ef7005ac41dc5feb547fc73713bd6

Height

#1,281,402

Difficulty

10.839062

Transactions

2

Size

698 B

Version

2

Bits

0ad6ccc0

Nonce

109,102,678

Timestamp

10/14/2015, 8:07:22 AM

Confirmations

5,563,328

Mined by

Merkle Root

29b134295b7d67d25ac852a1e4cec2ef9f83d32efd47f4981009358bd45ca72e
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.620 Ɨ 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
16202387602642985729…16864877081624442879
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1 | Upper: 2^k Ɨ origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin āˆ’ 1
1.620 Ɨ 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
16202387602642985729…16864877081624442879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.620 Ɨ 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
16202387602642985729…16864877081624442881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 āˆ’ origin āˆ’ 1 = 2 (twin primes āœ“)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 Ɨ origin ± 1)
2^1 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1
3.240 Ɨ 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
32404775205285971459…33729754163248885759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 Ɨ origin + 1
3.240 Ɨ 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
32404775205285971459…33729754163248885761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 Ɨ origin + 1 āˆ’ 2^1 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1 = 2 (twin primes āœ“)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 Ɨ origin ± 1)
2^2 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1
6.480 Ɨ 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
64809550410571942918…67459508326497771519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 Ɨ origin + 1
6.480 Ɨ 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
64809550410571942918…67459508326497771521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 Ɨ origin + 1 āˆ’ 2^2 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1 = 2 (twin primes āœ“)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 Ɨ origin ± 1)
2^3 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1
1.296 Ɨ 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
12961910082114388583…34919016652995543039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 Ɨ origin + 1
1.296 Ɨ 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
12961910082114388583…34919016652995543041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 Ɨ origin + 1 āˆ’ 2^3 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1 = 2 (twin primes āœ“)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 Ɨ origin ± 1)
2^4 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1
2.592 Ɨ 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
25923820164228777167…69838033305991086079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 Ɨ origin + 1
2.592 Ɨ 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
25923820164228777167…69838033305991086081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 Ɨ origin + 1 āˆ’ 2^4 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1 = 2 (twin primes āœ“)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

ā˜…ā˜…ā˜†ā˜†ā˜†
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 Ɨ 3 Ɨ 5 Ɨ 7 Ɨ …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime Ɨ Primorial (2Ā·3Ā·5Ā·7Ā·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial āˆ’ 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:58,002,252 XPMĀ·at block #6,844,729 Ā· updates every 60s
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