Block #1,274,848

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 10/10/2015, 2:09:18 AM · Difficulty 10.8244 · 5,529,933 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
5c9dc7b38b8d654acfba30475513c2ec92c5719e4e6ac802a0539bff7b309c84

Height

#1,274,848

Difficulty

10.824352

Transactions

6

Size

1.96 KB

Version

2

Bits

0ad308b5

Nonce

11,825,715

Timestamp

10/10/2015, 2:09:18 AM

Confirmations

5,529,933

Merkle Root

5648604b5175f22cc2d6dab924bdd1c2282e40e43028482b1ad8d4dcea6d0c25
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.160 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
21607334704435142308…66934348308963719679
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
2.160 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
21607334704435142308…66934348308963719679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
2.160 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
21607334704435142308…66934348308963719681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
4.321 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
43214669408870284616…33868696617927439359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
4.321 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
43214669408870284616…33868696617927439361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
8.642 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
86429338817740569233…67737393235854878719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
8.642 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
86429338817740569233…67737393235854878721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.728 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
17285867763548113846…35474786471709757439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.728 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
17285867763548113846…35474786471709757441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
3.457 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
34571735527096227693…70949572943419514879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
3.457 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
34571735527096227693…70949572943419514881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,682,312 XPM·at block #6,804,780 · updates every 60s
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