Block #127,025

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/21/2013, 6:27:54 AM · Difficulty 9.7826 · 6,682,775 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
c4a2b7fb6257dc9f5284a4c324ae41f47e837148aa7091db9986d25b7d4dabb6

Height

#127,025

Difficulty

9.782613

Transactions

3

Size

658 B

Version

2

Bits

09c85953

Nonce

201

Timestamp

8/21/2013, 6:27:54 AM

Confirmations

6,682,775

Merkle Root

dfd24a552df0ddccdcfcc2114668d2c7aef09ea2f2de025b306596efee8ec1d9
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.170 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
31702812493694660340…49686183990249063921
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.170 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
31702812493694660340…49686183990249063921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
6.340 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
63405624987389320680…99372367980498127841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.268 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
12681124997477864136…98744735960996255681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.536 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
25362249994955728272…97489471921992511361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
5.072 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
50724499989911456544…94978943843985022721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.014 × 10¹⁰⁷(108-digit number)
10144899997982291308…89957887687970045441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.028 × 10¹⁰⁷(108-digit number)
20289799995964582617…79915775375940090881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
4.057 × 10¹⁰⁷(108-digit number)
40579599991929165235…59831550751880181761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
8.115 × 10¹⁰⁷(108-digit number)
81159199983858330471…19663101503760363521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,722,481 XPM·at block #6,809,799 · updates every 60s
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