Block #125,392

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/20/2013, 5:24:21 AM · Difficulty 9.7769 · 6,683,574 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
e0eae89bf891ec29062bc729dfd0c880878a748027f3ebc6363fe10551ce97a2

Height

#125,392

Difficulty

9.776895

Transactions

8

Size

1.89 KB

Version

2

Bits

09c6e293

Nonce

730,937

Timestamp

8/20/2013, 5:24:21 AM

Confirmations

6,683,574

Merkle Root

d1625f771d8650370feef81acc589105706505ac8796b5bca4c5795c49e96024
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.777 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
27777288558336688352…17466367155056080801
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.777 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
27777288558336688352…17466367155056080801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.555 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
55554577116673376705…34932734310112161601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.111 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
11110915423334675341…69865468620224323201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.222 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
22221830846669350682…39730937240448646401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.444 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
44443661693338701364…79461874480897292801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
8.888 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
88887323386677402728…58923748961794585601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.777 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
17777464677335480545…17847497923589171201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.555 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
35554929354670961091…35694995847178342401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
7.110 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
71109858709341922182…71389991694356684801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,715,782 XPM·at block #6,808,965 · updates every 60s
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