Block #124,564

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/19/2013, 5:44:51 PM · Difficulty 9.7712 · 6,680,402 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
3a96e65aefa5a86760e323a30700446db5db77c0f50ac8213c3e2f48c37a1115

Height

#124,564

Difficulty

9.771176

Transactions

10

Size

4.89 KB

Version

2

Bits

09c56bce

Nonce

131,607

Timestamp

8/19/2013, 5:44:51 PM

Confirmations

6,680,402

Merkle Root

9c999b374875a805add6675b01eca58c1e1db24f13e4035018dc4ac02f1fc465
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.153 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
11539474694987646794…00419809403666759201
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.153 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
11539474694987646794…00419809403666759201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.307 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
23078949389975293588…00839618807333518401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.615 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
46157898779950587177…01679237614667036801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
9.231 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
92315797559901174355…03358475229334073601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.846 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
18463159511980234871…06716950458668147201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.692 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
36926319023960469742…13433900917336294401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
7.385 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
73852638047920939484…26867801834672588801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.477 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
14770527609584187896…53735603669345177601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.954 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
29541055219168375793…07471207338690355201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,683,795 XPM·at block #6,804,965 · updates every 60s
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