Block #124,378

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/19/2013, 3:07:07 PM · Difficulty 9.7699 · 6,690,008 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
1028f66e2d84931fea5d298944ccad39a44927e9cba7d2b5a6424356dd6b1b38

Height

#124,378

Difficulty

9.769887

Transactions

8

Size

2.01 KB

Version

2

Bits

09c5174e

Nonce

64,445

Timestamp

8/19/2013, 3:07:07 PM

Confirmations

6,690,008

Merkle Root

06a3fea363ec9c70ce1fe151c65420ca9a780b1e16d9d10ea6c52d24323a147d
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.286 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
42865608632450065815…94396619613391874191
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
4.286 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
42865608632450065815…94396619613391874191
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
8.573 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
85731217264900131631…88793239226783748381
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.714 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
17146243452980026326…77586478453567496761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.429 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
34292486905960052652…55172956907134993521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
6.858 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
68584973811920105305…10345913814269987041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.371 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
13716994762384021061…20691827628539974081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.743 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
27433989524768042122…41383655257079948161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
5.486 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
54867979049536084244…82767310514159896321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.097 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
10973595809907216848…65534621028319792641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,759,149 XPM·at block #6,814,385 · updates every 60s
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