Block #1,242,156

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 9/18/2015, 12:52:13 PM · Difficulty 10.7547 · 5,552,781 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
a5b7744c79362a4c313fbf4807812b73633062687e121366fc224952404561a2

Height

#1,242,156

Difficulty

10.754744

Transactions

33

Size

9.04 KB

Version

2

Bits

0ac136df

Nonce

1,799,181,848

Timestamp

9/18/2015, 12:52:13 PM

Confirmations

5,552,781

Merkle Root

b2de5a947e68ff31eb1586c9d6e420eb9929c950a5178aee4fbfcdb986014ffc
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.079 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
50790929461991393891…49328825588435742719
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
5.079 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
50790929461991393891…49328825588435742719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
5.079 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
50790929461991393891…49328825588435742721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.015 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
10158185892398278778…98657651176871485439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.015 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
10158185892398278778…98657651176871485441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.031 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
20316371784796557556…97315302353742970879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.031 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
20316371784796557556…97315302353742970881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
4.063 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
40632743569593115113…94630604707485941759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
4.063 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
40632743569593115113…94630604707485941761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
8.126 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
81265487139186230226…89261209414971883519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
8.126 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
81265487139186230226…89261209414971883521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,603,530 XPM·at block #6,794,936 · updates every 60s
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