Block #124,059

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/19/2013, 10:24:13 AM · Difficulty 9.7682 · 6,678,696 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
85c3fe1b1e9635cdb70a42ea84c3d6b7939d3b2d0733d8d963b64d26c3ed490a

Height

#124,059

Difficulty

9.768189

Transactions

5

Size

2.06 KB

Version

2

Bits

09c4a80a

Nonce

22,787

Timestamp

8/19/2013, 10:24:13 AM

Confirmations

6,678,696

Merkle Root

dca80199c20c01fb0f7ffc23f5ac311aeae2b0bc1a4f7e84632ca5a955a720fe
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.741 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
27412852441620830093…80780858286615563301
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.741 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
27412852441620830093…80780858286615563301
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.482 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
54825704883241660186…61561716573231126601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.096 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
10965140976648332037…23123433146462253201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.193 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
21930281953296664074…46246866292924506401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.386 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
43860563906593328148…92493732585849012801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
8.772 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
87721127813186656297…84987465171698025601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.754 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
17544225562637331259…69974930343396051201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.508 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
35088451125274662519…39949860686792102401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
7.017 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
70176902250549325038…79899721373584204801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,666,062 XPM·at block #6,802,754 · updates every 60s
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