Block #122,640

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/18/2013, 2:51:49 PM · Difficulty 9.7565 · 6,682,365 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
514ee9928dc50fb0a1e4efa8ec465d8cd1ac659f2fdf02d753661c2fd566bf11

Height

#122,640

Difficulty

9.756488

Transactions

2

Size

393 B

Version

2

Bits

09c1a92d

Nonce

139,867

Timestamp

8/18/2013, 2:51:49 PM

Confirmations

6,682,365

Merkle Root

7ca7f83737d735a67a9da5c4e436fd37f0204a62752c04436273c6e0899f897c
Transactions (2)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.139 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
11393975720724929995…04052621648018015441
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.139 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
11393975720724929995…04052621648018015441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.278 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
22787951441449859990…08105243296036030881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.557 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
45575902882899719980…16210486592072061761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
9.115 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
91151805765799439960…32420973184144123521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.823 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
18230361153159887992…64841946368288247041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.646 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
36460722306319775984…29683892736576494081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
7.292 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
72921444612639551968…59367785473152988161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.458 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
14584288922527910393…18735570946305976321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.916 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
29168577845055820787…37471141892611952641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,684,108 XPM·at block #6,805,004 · updates every 60s
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