Block #120,999

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/17/2013, 1:11:35 PM · Difficulty 9.7514 · 6,695,828 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
aab5bfb831b0aa931797ee7235fc2b374e2eab922d6fdf5800f47eeaffe64ac1

Height

#120,999

Difficulty

9.751439

Transactions

4

Size

882 B

Version

2

Bits

09c05e4f

Nonce

35,689

Timestamp

8/17/2013, 1:11:35 PM

Confirmations

6,695,828

Merkle Root

5fa14efc5e283b3349a0fec9d8e7bc23028f48c6820b35b1cbc977fb6ec7b57f
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.173 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
21737169268834265747…53279169255670758401
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.173 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
21737169268834265747…53279169255670758401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.347 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
43474338537668531494…06558338511341516801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
8.694 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
86948677075337062989…13116677022683033601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.738 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
17389735415067412597…26233354045366067201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.477 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
34779470830134825195…52466708090732134401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
6.955 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
69558941660269650391…04933416181464268801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.391 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
13911788332053930078…09866832362928537601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.782 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
27823576664107860156…19733664725857075201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
5.564 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
55647153328215720313…39467329451714150401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,778,655 XPM·at block #6,816,826 · updates every 60s
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