Block #119,461

1CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 8/16/2013, 12:12:38 PM · Difficulty 9.7494 · 6,691,360 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
5b3220a2636005c93ef6a51ac4ec47e59d2a0dbf9bc64dbf93d0834122b8163c

Height

#119,461

Difficulty

9.749400

Transactions

4

Size

880 B

Version

2

Bits

09bfd8a9

Nonce

117,568

Timestamp

8/16/2013, 12:12:38 PM

Confirmations

6,691,360

Merkle Root

158ee11532ec4c525466a85977a2b06b46b668995be2ab86e6417c50e0669aa6
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.030 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
10303516710196042427…11600330178670362959
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
1.030 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
10303516710196042427…11600330178670362959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
2.060 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
20607033420392084855…23200660357340725919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
4.121 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
41214066840784169711…46401320714681451839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
8.242 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
82428133681568339422…92802641429362903679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
1.648 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
16485626736313667884…85605282858725807359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
3.297 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
32971253472627335768…71210565717451614719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
6.594 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
65942506945254671537…42421131434903229439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
1.318 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
13188501389050934307…84842262869806458879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
2.637 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
26377002778101868615…69684525739612917759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,730,670 XPM·at block #6,810,820 · updates every 60s
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