Block #118,835

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/16/2013, 1:47:31 AM · Difficulty 9.7494 · 6,688,522 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
49fa582556996ccfee3ac06385c49be85d1fabb909c46712d5bf33578f4f54c3

Height

#118,835

Difficulty

9.749357

Transactions

9

Size

2.76 KB

Version

2

Bits

09bfd5e2

Nonce

125,494

Timestamp

8/16/2013, 1:47:31 AM

Confirmations

6,688,522

Merkle Root

38deaac9944e234ee1f3fbd83e760e8fa17adf8097ceb7ac267b0c7b3a66de77
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.238 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
12382242888090469266…34792610071078646681
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.238 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
12382242888090469266…34792610071078646681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.476 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
24764485776180938533…69585220142157293361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.952 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
49528971552361877066…39170440284314586721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
9.905 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
99057943104723754133…78340880568629173441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.981 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
19811588620944750826…56681761137258346881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.962 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
39623177241889501653…13363522274516693761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
7.924 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
79246354483779003306…26727044549033387521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.584 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
15849270896755800661…53454089098066775041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
3.169 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
31698541793511601322…06908178196133550081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,702,878 XPM·at block #6,807,356 · updates every 60s
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