Block #115,999

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/14/2013, 3:46:27 AM · Difficulty 9.7454 · 6,714,497 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
0fa8a16204e0147264648931b067a7e6bc9cc4777a1f7319c366086b2b5588a5

Height

#115,999

Difficulty

9.745382

Transactions

2

Size

394 B

Version

2

Bits

09bed155

Nonce

95,165

Timestamp

8/14/2013, 3:46:27 AM

Confirmations

6,714,497

Merkle Root

52700448ec7b30d4b1116ee829d318865ffa441102304e0b123bdc71f1c843d0
Transactions (2)
1 in → 1 out10.5200 XPM109 B
1 in → 1 out101.4420 XPM193 B
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.047 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
20472676416668615454…16682342800878025001
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.047 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
20472676416668615454…16682342800878025001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.094 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
40945352833337230908…33364685601756050001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
8.189 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
81890705666674461816…66729371203512100001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.637 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
16378141133334892363…33458742407024200001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.275 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
32756282266669784726…66917484814048400001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
6.551 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
65512564533339569453…33834969628096800001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.310 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
13102512906667913890…67669939256193600001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.620 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
26205025813335827781…35339878512387200001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
5.241 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
52410051626671655562…70679757024774400001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,888,216 XPM·at block #6,830,495 · updates every 60s
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