Block #113,710

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/12/2013, 4:56:17 PM · Difficulty 9.7351 · 6,680,485 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
da89501604f94596658ba6a0de00855a13a3286f8c5fa742bf23512c2dd7318b

Height

#113,710

Difficulty

9.735114

Transactions

8

Size

1.88 KB

Version

2

Bits

09bc306b

Nonce

340,665

Timestamp

8/12/2013, 4:56:17 PM

Confirmations

6,680,485

Merkle Root

320605549b9074669b0b0c354fccf05c2bc481974cee6c6eb03f59b170abc1a4
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.001 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
20013593240175181856…69254022235239181641
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.001 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
20013593240175181856…69254022235239181641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.002 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
40027186480350363713…38508044470478363281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
8.005 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
80054372960700727426…77016088940956726561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.601 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
16010874592140145485…54032177881913453121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.202 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
32021749184280290970…08064355763826906241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
6.404 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
64043498368560581941…16128711527653812481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.280 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
12808699673712116388…32257423055307624961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.561 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
25617399347424232776…64514846110615249921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
5.123 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
51234798694848465553…29029692221230499841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,597,584 XPM·at block #6,794,194 · updates every 60s
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