Block #113,016

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/12/2013, 7:32:49 AM · Difficulty 9.7280 · 6,696,677 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
7d34a2ba245d804e15de4156638e27926a079871c1a075270238acc619abb3b2

Height

#113,016

Difficulty

9.727976

Transactions

3

Size

766 B

Version

2

Bits

09ba5ca5

Nonce

4,590

Timestamp

8/12/2013, 7:32:49 AM

Confirmations

6,696,677

Merkle Root

c89df4b149b5b0624b1ede51e669479875c6b5482ff43af9b827fb38d8aae1a8
Transactions (3)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.713 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
17137078791510405787…19170536949413499461
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.713 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
17137078791510405787…19170536949413499461
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.427 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
34274157583020811574…38341073898826998921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
6.854 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
68548315166041623148…76682147797653997841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.370 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
13709663033208324629…53364295595307995681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.741 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
27419326066416649259…06728591190615991361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
5.483 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
54838652132833298519…13457182381231982721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.096 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
10967730426566659703…26914364762463965441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.193 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
21935460853133319407…53828729524927930881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
4.387 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
43870921706266638815…07657459049855861761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,721,621 XPM·at block #6,809,692 · updates every 60s
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