Block #111,186

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/11/2013, 8:17:07 AM · Difficulty 9.7034 · 6,684,908 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
25fb0dde80678586808f54c22d7d57435bdb76a1536a9e8cf6fec3b42b25138a

Height

#111,186

Difficulty

9.703446

Transactions

2

Size

1022 B

Version

2

Bits

09b4150e

Nonce

223,386

Timestamp

8/11/2013, 8:17:07 AM

Confirmations

6,684,908

Merkle Root

0126e0c7daacd83afd04780367319764a5c2cb2c48cfa5bf05eff1e172ce4af5
Transactions (2)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.833 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
58334624951026710959…88606206955556801621
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
5.833 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
58334624951026710959…88606206955556801621
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.166 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
11666924990205342191…77212413911113603241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.333 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
23333849980410684383…54424827822227206481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
4.666 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
46667699960821368767…08849655644454412961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
9.333 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
93335399921642737535…17699311288908825921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.866 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
18667079984328547507…35398622577817651841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.733 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
37334159968657095014…70797245155635303681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
7.466 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
74668319937314190028…41594490311270607361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.493 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
14933663987462838005…83188980622541214721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,612,751 XPM·at block #6,796,093 · updates every 60s
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