Block #110,306

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/10/2013, 9:31:29 PM · Difficulty 9.6894 · 6,698,799 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
e3950ac1dcc3848fcceef2417d58b74a4cac625bf308438613ca1cd500c399df

Height

#110,306

Difficulty

9.689357

Transactions

5

Size

1.08 KB

Version

2

Bits

09b079b3

Nonce

176,299

Timestamp

8/10/2013, 9:31:29 PM

Confirmations

6,698,799

Merkle Root

15d876954c20fa2427db1a96f4ce8a44e2a3df4314688d1fd99cedcf609bb177
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.027 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
10270370905597015056…30884970781847136971
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.027 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
10270370905597015056…30884970781847136971
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.054 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
20540741811194030112…61769941563694273941
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.108 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
41081483622388060225…23539883127388547881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
8.216 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
82162967244776120451…47079766254777095761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.643 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
16432593448955224090…94159532509554191521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.286 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
32865186897910448180…88319065019108383041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
6.573 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
65730373795820896361…76638130038216766081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.314 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
13146074759164179272…53276260076433532161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.629 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
26292149518328358544…06552520152867064321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,716,895 XPM·at block #6,809,104 · updates every 60s
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