Block #105,633

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/8/2013, 3:01:32 PM · Difficulty 9.5891 · 6,720,550 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
84b38b01c005e5050e7cc7feafad2c698ba525d09d1f47ab0e43bbd735eceb97

Height

#105,633

Difficulty

9.589118

Transactions

2

Size

1.33 KB

Version

2

Bits

0996d071

Nonce

139,022

Timestamp

8/8/2013, 3:01:32 PM

Confirmations

6,720,550

Merkle Root

0611ec9314c7c72a39d7783d65ce61e69f98350b70a26c1eeb80564398973058
Transactions (2)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.631 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
16318447446151531776…19137322344384367681
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.631 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
16318447446151531776…19137322344384367681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.263 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
32636894892303063553…38274644688768735361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
6.527 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
65273789784606127106…76549289377537470721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.305 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
13054757956921225421…53098578755074941441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.610 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
26109515913842450842…06197157510149882881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
5.221 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
52219031827684901684…12394315020299765761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.044 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
10443806365536980336…24788630040599531521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.088 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
20887612731073960673…49577260081199063041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
4.177 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
41775225462147921347…99154520162398126081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,853,593 XPM·at block #6,826,182 · updates every 60s
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