Block #105,201

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/8/2013, 10:08:46 AM · Difficulty 9.5777 · 6,719,551 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
bc857838185b005bc6351235947076947735d869c4dd4efcbc8b81bfd6387654

Height

#105,201

Difficulty

9.577656

Transactions

9

Size

3.26 KB

Version

2

Bits

0993e142

Nonce

256,049

Timestamp

8/8/2013, 10:08:46 AM

Confirmations

6,719,551

Merkle Root

8a7b88e91ce764bd257532fef6a1d712d3dbadfc98289d7e1b13db01e93b973e
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.336 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
23363013983593505625…36424126416420939681
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.336 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
23363013983593505625…36424126416420939681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.672 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
46726027967187011251…72848252832841879361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
9.345 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
93452055934374022502…45696505665683758721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.869 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
18690411186874804500…91393011331367517441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.738 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
37380822373749609000…82786022662735034881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
7.476 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
74761644747499218001…65572045325470069761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.495 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
14952328949499843600…31144090650940139521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.990 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
29904657898999687200…62288181301880279041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
5.980 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
59809315797999374401…24576362603760558081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,842,087 XPM·at block #6,824,751 · updates every 60s
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