Block #104,475

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/8/2013, 2:02:35 AM · Difficulty 9.5570 · 6,691,097 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
7aa03f7a0c62118295f312a17225210e936581698c145df4dff70135ed80baf7

Height

#104,475

Difficulty

9.556970

Transactions

2

Size

574 B

Version

2

Bits

098e9595

Nonce

72,127

Timestamp

8/8/2013, 2:02:35 AM

Confirmations

6,691,097

Merkle Root

ccad2e6c500dea34b7c2980cbc3c946f2137bf7207601b75a27232395c304cc9
Transactions (2)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.725 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
27257065021969692007…85397405774628079461
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.725 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
27257065021969692007…85397405774628079461
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.451 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
54514130043939384014…70794811549256158921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.090 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
10902826008787876802…41589623098512317841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.180 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
21805652017575753605…83179246197024635681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.361 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
43611304035151507211…66358492394049271361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
8.722 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
87222608070303014423…32716984788098542721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.744 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
17444521614060602884…65433969576197085441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.488 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
34889043228121205769…30867939152394170881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
6.977 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
69778086456242411538…61735878304788341761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,608,636 XPM·at block #6,795,571 · updates every 60s
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