Block #102,125

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/6/2013, 11:55:24 PM · Difficulty 9.4821 · 6,706,795 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
21bf71a410081729723cd5b67e29061d5d16b5d683a179c4bc3ca7adc884f0bc

Height

#102,125

Difficulty

9.482142

Transactions

3

Size

1.13 KB

Version

2

Bits

097b6db0

Nonce

27,675

Timestamp

8/6/2013, 11:55:24 PM

Confirmations

6,706,795

Merkle Root

ba0b41a61017c3f988e3516b0232e14d3302bb6cf648bd29784ff2cbaa702641
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.482 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
44825793611840910283…42206449116908083321
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
4.482 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
44825793611840910283…42206449116908083321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
8.965 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
89651587223681820567…84412898233816166641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.793 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
17930317444736364113…68825796467632333281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.586 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
35860634889472728226…37651592935264666561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
7.172 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
71721269778945456453…75303185870529333121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.434 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
14344253955789091290…50606371741058666241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.868 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
28688507911578182581…01212743482117332481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
5.737 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
57377015823156365163…02425486964234664961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.147 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
11475403164631273032…04850973928469329921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,715,415 XPM·at block #6,808,919 · updates every 60s
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